[转帖]prometheus监控nginxt的两种方法(vts)

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**生成内容步骤** 1. **创建自动发现脚本** - 将自动发现脚本配置到`/data/prometheus/conf/rules/nginx.rules`` - 内容包含自动发现的配置，例如`docker run`、`metrics_path`和`file_sd_configs` 2. **添加自动发现脚本** - 将自动发现脚本配置到`/data/prometheus/conf/rules/nginx.rules`` - 内容包含自动发现的配置，例如`docker run`、`metrics_path`和`file_sd_configs` 3. **生成内容** - 根据`/data/prometheus/conf/rules/nginx.rules``内容，生成内容时需要带简单的排版

正文

方法一
使用nginx_ vts_exporter

mkdir -p /data/nginx/{log,conf/conf.d}

cat > /data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf << 'EOF'

user  root;

worker_processes  auto;


error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;

pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {

worker_connections  1024;

}


http {

vhost_traffic_status_zone;

vhost_traffic_status_filter_by_host on;


include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;

log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
sendfile        on;
#tcp_nopush     on;
keepalive_timeout  65;
#gzip  on;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;



}

EOF


cat > /data/nginx/conf/conf.d/vts.conf << 'EOF'

server {

listen       9913;

server_name  localhost;

proxy_ignore_client_abort on;

location /status {

vhost_traffic_status_display;

vhost_traffic_status_display_format html;

}


}



EOF


cat > /data/nginx/conf/conf.d/test.conf << 'EOF'

upstream backend {

server 192.168.11.202:31101;

}

server {

listen       80;

server_name  localhost;

proxy_ignore_client_abort on;

location / {

proxy_redirect  off;

proxy_set_header Host \(host:\)server_port;

proxy_set_header X-Forward-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto "http";

proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

proxy_pass http://backend;

}

}

EOF


cat > /data/nginx/start.sh << 'EOF'

docker run -d 

--restart=always 

-p 80:80 

-p 9913:9913 

--name nginx 

-v /data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro 

-v /data/nginx/conf/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d 

-v /data/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx 

-v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro 

crunchgeek/nginx-pagespeed:latest

EOF

bash /data/nginx/start.sh


    mkdir -p /data/nginx_exporter
cat > /data/nginx_exporter/start.sh << 'EOF'
docker run -d \
--restart=always \
--name nginx_exporter \
-p 9913:9913 \
-e NGINX_STATUS="http://192.168.11.221:9913/status/format/json" \
-e METRICS_NS=nginx \
-v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro \
sophos/nginx-vts-exporter
EOF

    bash  /data/nginx_exporter/start.sh
    

      cat > /data/prometheus/conf/rules/nginx.rules << 'EOF'	
groups:
- name: nginx-监控告警
  rules:
  - alert: 警报！Nginx http状态码4xx的占比高
    expr: sum(rate(nginx_server_requests{code="4xx",host="*"}[1m])) / sum(rate(nginx_server_requests{code="total",host="*"}[1m])) * 100 > 5
    for: 1m
    labels:
      severity: 严重告警
    annotations:
      summary: "{{ $labels.instance }} Nginx http状态码4xx的占比高"
      description: "http状态码4xx的占比(> 5%)，请检查！\n 当前值 = {{ printf \"%.1f\" $value }}"

        

      • 

        alert: 警报！Nginxhttp状态码5xx的占比高
        
expr: sum(rate(nginx_server_requests{code="5xx",host=""}[1m])) / sum(rate(nginx_server_requests{code="total",host=""}[1m])) * 100 > 5
        
for: 1m
        
labels:
        
severity: 严重告警
        
annotations:
        
summary: "{{ $labels.instance }}  Nginx http状态码5xx的占比高"
        
description: "http状态码5xx的占比(> 5%)，请检查！(> 5%)\n 当前值 = {{  printf "%.1f" $value }}"
        

        • 

      • 

        alert: 警报！Nginx响应延时高
        
expr: histogram_quantile(0.99, sum(rate(nginx_http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[2m])) by (host, node)) > 3
        
for: 2m
        
labels:
        
severity: 一般告警
        
annotations:
        
summary: "{{ $labels.instance }} Nginx响应延时高"
        
description: "Nginx 99%响应延时高于3秒\n 当前值 = {{ printf "%.2f" $value }}"
        
EOF
        

        • 

      

        #添加自动发现脚本
cat >> /data/prometheus/conf/prometheus.yml << 'EOF'
#nginx自动发现
  - job_name: 'nginx'
    file_sd_configs:
      - files:
        - /etc/prometheus/sd_config/nginx.yaml
        refresh_interval: 5s
    relabel_configs:
    #  - source_labels: [__address__]
    #    target_label: __param_target
    #  - source_labels: [__param_target]
    #    target_label: instance
    #  - target_label: __address__
    #    replacement: 192.168.11.221:9913
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        regex: (.*)
        target_label: instance
        replacement: $1
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        regex: (.*):(.*)
        target_label: __address__
        replacement: $1:9913
EOF

        #自动发现配置
        
cat >> /data/prometheus/conf/sd_config/nginx.yaml << 'EOF'
        

        nginx自动发现
        

          

        • labels:
          
project: 网关nginx
          
targets:

            

          • 192.168.11.221:9913
            • 

          • 192.168.11.192:9913
            
EOF
            • 

          

          •

          方法二
          使用vts自带的metrics

          mkdir -p /data/nginx/{log,conf/conf.d}

          cat > /data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf << 'EOF'
          
user  root;
          
worker_processes  auto;
          

          error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
          
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
          

          events {
          
worker_connections  1024;
          
}
          

          http {
          
vhost_traffic_status_zone;
          
vhost_traffic_status_filter_by_host on;
          

          include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;

log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
sendfile        on;
#tcp_nopush     on;
keepalive_timeout  65;
#gzip  on;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

          

          }
          
EOF
          

          cat > /data/nginx/conf/conf.d/vts.conf << 'EOF'
          
server {
          
listen       9913;
          
server_name  localhost;
          
proxy_ignore_client_abort on;
          
location /status {
          
vhost_traffic_status_display;
          
vhost_traffic_status_display_format html;
          
}
          

          }

          

          EOF
          

          cat > /data/nginx/conf/conf.d/test.conf << 'EOF'
          
upstream backend {
          
server 192.168.11.202:31101;
          
}
          
server {
          
listen       80;
          
server_name  localhost;
          
proxy_ignore_client_abort on;
          
location / {
          
proxy_redirect  off;
          
proxy_set_header Host \(host:\)server_port;
          
proxy_set_header X-Forward-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
          
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto "http";
          
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
          
proxy_pass http://backend;
          
}
          
}
          
EOF
          

          cat > /data/nginx/start.sh << 'EOF'
          
docker run -d 
          
--restart=always 
          
-p 80:80 
          
-p 9913:9913 
          
--name nginx 
          
-v /data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro 
          
-v /data/nginx/conf/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d 
          
-v /data/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx 
          
-v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro 
          
crunchgeek/nginx-pagespeed:latest
          
EOF
          

          bash /data/nginx/start.sh
          

            cat > /data/prometheus/conf/rules/nginx.rules << 'EOF'	
groups:
- name: nginx-监控告警
  rules:
  - alert: 警报！Nginx http状态码4xx的占比高
    expr: sum(rate(nginx_vts_server_requests_total{code="4xx",host="*"}[1m])) / sum(rate(nginx_vts_server_requests_total{code="total",host="*"}[1m])) * 100 > 5
    for: 1m
    labels:
      severity: 严重告警
    annotations:
      summary: "{{ $labels.instance }} Nginx http状态码4xx的占比高"
      description: "http状态码4xx的占比(> 5%)，请检查！\n 当前值 = {{ printf \"%.1f\" $value }}"

              

            • 

              alert: 警报！Nginxhttp状态码5xx的占比高
              
expr: sum(rate(nginx_vts_server_requests_total{code="5xx",host=""}[1m])) / sum(rate(nginx_vts_server_requests_total{code="total",host=""}[1m])) * 100 > 5
              
for: 1m
              
labels:
              
severity: 严重告警
              
annotations:
              
summary: "{{ $labels.instance }}  Nginx http状态码5xx的占比高"
              
description: "http状态码5xx的占比(> 5%)，请检查！(> 5%)\n 当前值 = {{  printf "%.1f" $value }}"
              

              • 

            • 

              alert: 警报！Nginx响应延时高
              
expr: histogram_quantile(0.99, sum(rate(nginx_vts_server_request_duration_seconds[2m])) by (host, node)) > 3
              
for: 2m
              
labels:
              
severity: 一般告警
              
annotations:
              
summary: "{{ $labels.instance }} Nginx响应延时高"
              
description: "Nginx 99%响应延时高于3秒\n 当前值 = {{ printf "%.2f" $value }}"
              
EOF
              

              • 

            

              #添加自动发现脚本
cat >> /data/prometheus/conf/prometheus.yml << 'EOF'
#nginx自动发现
  - job_name: 'nginx'
    metrics_path: /status/format/prometheus
    file_sd_configs:
      - files:
        - /etc/prometheus/sd_config/nginx.yaml
        refresh_interval: 5s
    relabel_configs:
    #  - source_labels: [__address__]
    #    target_label: __param_target
    #  - source_labels: [__param_target]
    #    target_label: instance
    #  - target_label: __address__
    #    replacement: 192.168.11.221:9913
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        regex: (.*)
        target_label: instance
        replacement: $1
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        regex: (.*):(.*)
        target_label: __address__
        replacement: $1:9913
EOF

              #自动发现配置
              
cat >> /data/prometheus/conf/sd_config/nginx.yaml << 'EOF'
              

              nginx自动发现
              

                

              • labels:
                
project: 网关nginx
                
targets:

                  

                • 192.168.11.221:9913
                  
EOF
                  • 

                

                •

                grafana_id : 9785

                在这里插入图片描述
                参考：https://blog.51cto.com/u_14601432/2447888

                prometheus 监控 nginxt 两种 方法 vts

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