比如我有一个变量 “123 456 789”，要求以空格为分隔符把这个变量分隔，并把分隔后的字段分别赋值给变量，即a=123；b=456；c=789
共有3中方法：
法一：先定义一个数组，然后把分隔出来的字段赋值给数组中的每一个元素
法二：通过eval+赋值的方式
法三：通过多次awk把每个字段赋值

[danni@vm-bestgame-18 shell]$ cat Demo1.sh 
#!/bin/bash
a="123 456"
#方法一：通过数组的方式

declare -a arr

index=0

for i in $(echo $a | awk '{print $1,\(2</span>}'</span><span class="token variable">)</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">do</span>
    arr<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token variable">\)index]=\(i</span>
    <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token string">"index+=1"</span>
<span class="token keyword">done</span>
<span class="token keyword">echo</span> <span class="token variable">\){arr[0]}

echo ${arr[1]}
# 方法二：通过eval+赋值的方式

b=""

c=""

eval $(echo $a | awk '{ printf("b=%s;c=%s",$1,\(2<span class="token variable">)</span></span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token string">')
echo <span class="token variable">\)b
方法三
m=""

n=""

m=</span><span class="token keyword">echo</span> $a <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">awk</span> <span class="token string">'{print <span class="token variable">$1</span>}'</span><span class="token variable">

n=echo <span class="token variable">$a</span> | awk '</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>print <span class="token variable">$2</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>'

echo \(m</span>
<span class="token keyword">echo</span> <span class="token variable">\)n